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Reference Manual for the Double 108 Mbps Wireless Firewall Router WGU624
Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics B-5
M-10153-01
Subnet Addressing
By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a
large number of hosts per network. Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of
a routed link requires a different network number. It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would
have that many devices. You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet
addressing.
Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical
networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead.
A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64,000 nodes. Most
organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that can be reassigned. Subnet
addressing makes use of those bits that are free, as shown below.
Figure B-2: Example of Subnetting a Class B Address
A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses. For example, the
IP address of 172.16.0.0 is assigned, but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum, allowing
eight extra bits to use as a subnet address. The IP address of 172.16.97.235 would be interpreted as
IP network address 172.16, subnet number 97, and node number 235. In addition to extending
the number of addresses available, subnet addressing provides other benefits. Subnet addressing
allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different
subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the
organization.
Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note that you are
not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network numbers, you need only
shift some bits from the host address to the network address. For instance, to partition a Class C
network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one bit from the host address to the network
address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is 255.255.255.128. The first subnet has network
number 192.68.135.0 with hosts 192.68.135.1 to 129.68.135.126, and the second subnet has
network number 192.68.135.128 with hosts 192.68.135.129 to 192.68.135.254.
7262
C
lass B
Network Subnet Node
- Reference Manual for the 1
- Double 108 Mbps 1
- Wireless Firewall Router 1
- Contents 5
- Chapter 1 11
- About This Manual 11
- How to Use This Manual 12
- How to Print this Manual 13
- 4 About This Manual 14
- Chapter 2 15
- Introduction 15
- 2-2 Introduction 16
- Introduction 2-3 17
- Security 18
- Extensive Protocol Support 19
- Package Contents 20
- The Router’s Front Panel 21
- The Router’s Rear Panel 22
- Chapter 3 23
- Connecting the WGU624 26
- &DEOH 27
- ,QWHUQHW 27
- SRUW 27
- ONNECT TO THE INTERNET 29
- Manual PPPoE Configuration 33
- Manual PPTP Configuration 35
- Chapter 4 39
- Wireless Configuration 39
- :LUHOHVV'DWD 40
- 6HFXULW\2SWLRQV 40
- 5DQJHXSWRIRRWUDGLXV 40
- Wireless Mode Options 41
- 4-4 Wireless Configuration 42
- Wireless Configuration 4-5 43
- 4-6 Wireless Configuration 44
- Wireless Configuration 4-7 45
- 4-8 Wireless Configuration 46
- Wireless Security Settings 47
- 4-10 Wireless Configuration 48
- WPA Encryption 49
- 4-12 Wireless Configuration 50
- Wireless Configuration 4-13 51
- Configuring WEP 55
- Wireless Configuration 4-19 57
- 4-20 Wireless Configuration 58
- Wireless Configuration 4-21 59
- 4-22 Wireless Configuration 60
- Chapter 5 61
- Content Filtering 61
- 5-2 Content Filtering 62
- Figure 5-1: Block Sites menu 62
- Content Filtering 5-3 63
- 5-4 Content Filtering 64
- Content Filtering 5-5 65
- Figure 5-4: Schedule menu 65
- 5-6 Content Filtering 66
- Figure 5-5: Logs menu 66
- Content Filtering 5-7 67
- Table 5-2. Log action buttons 67
- 5-8 Content Filtering 68
- Figure 5-6: E-mail menu 68
- Content Filtering 5-9 69
- 5-10 Content Filtering 70
- Chapter 6 71
- Maintenance 71
- 6-2 Maintenance 72
- Maintenance 6-3 73
- 6-4 Maintenance 74
- Upgrading the Router Software 75
- Configuration File Management 77
- Erasing the Configuration 78
- Chapter 7 79
- Advanced Configuration 79
- Configuring Port Forwarding 80
- Configuring Port Triggering 83
- Configuring WAN Setup Options 84
- 7-8 Advanced Configuration 86
- Advanced Configuration 7-9 87
- 7-10 Advanced Configuration 88
- Using Address Reservation 89
- Using a Dynamic DNS Service 90
- Configuring Static Routes 91
- Advanced Configuration 7-15 93
- Advanced Configuration 7-17 95
- Figure 7-8. UPnP Menu 95
- 7-18 Advanced Configuration 96
- Chapter 8 97
- Troubleshooting 97
- Power LED Not On 98
- LEDs Never Turn Off 98
- Troubleshooting 8-3 99
- 8-6 Troubleshooting 102
- M-10153-01 102
- Problems with Date and Time 103
- Appendix A 105
- Technical Specifications 105
- Electromagnetic Emissions 106
- Interface Specifications 106
- A-2 Technical Specifications 106
- Appendix B 107
- IP Addresses and the Internet 108
- Subnet Addressing 111
- Table B-2. Netmask Formats 112
- Private IP Addresses 113
- Related Documents 115
- IP Configuration by DHCP 116
- Ethernet Cabling 117
- Category 5 Cable Quality 118
- Inside Twisted Pair Cables 119
- Appendix C 123
- Preparing Your Network 123
- C-2 Preparing Your Network 124
- Preparing Your Network C-5 127
- Verifying TCP/IP Properties 128
- Preparing Your Network C-7 129
- C-8 Preparing Your Network 130
- Preparing Your Network C-9 131
- C-10 Preparing Your Network 132
- Preparing Your Network C-11 133
- C-12 Preparing Your Network 134
- Preparing Your Network C-13 135
- Properties button 136
- 3. Type ipconfig /all 137
- MacOS 8.6 or 9.x 138
- 4. Click Save 139
- Are Login Protocols Used? 140
- 4. Select the IP Address tab 141
- 5. Select the Gateway tab 141
- Computers 142
- Restarting the Network 143
- C-22 Preparing Your Network 144
- Appendix D 145
- Wireless Networking Basics 145
- Authentication and WEP 147
- Open System Authentication 148
- Shared Key Authentication 148
- Overview of WEP Parameters 149
- Key Size 150
- Wireless Channels 151
- WPA Wireless Security 152
- How Does WPA Compare to WEP? 153
- Wired Network with Optional 156
- 802.1x Port Based Network 156
- Access Control 156
- Wireless LAN 156
- Is WPA Perfect? 160
- Product Support for WPA 160
- Glossary 163
- 2 Glossary 164
- 4 Glossary 166
- X.500-lite 167
- 6 Glossary 168
- 8 Glossary 170
- 10 Glossary 172
- 12 Glossary 174
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