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Reference Manual for the ProSafe VPN Firewall 25 with 4 Gigabit LAN and Dual WAN Ports
B-6 Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics
202-10085-01, March 2005
Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note that you are
not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network numbers, you need only
shift some bits from the host address to the network address. For instance, to partition a Class C
network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one bit from the host address to the network
address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is 255.255.255.128. The first subnet has network
number 192.68.135.0 with hosts 192.68.135.1 to 129.68.135.126, and the second subnet has
network number 192.68.135.128 with hosts 192.68.135.129 to 192.68.135.254.
The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted-decimal notation. To use the
table, write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted-decimal
value of the additional subnet bits. For example, to partition your Class C network with subnet
mask 255.255.255.0 into 16 subnets (4 bits), the new subnet mask becomes 255.255.255.240.
The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted-decimal and the
masklength formats.
Note: The number 192.68.135.127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address
of the first subnet. The number 192.68.135.128 is not assigned because it is the network
address of the second subnet.
Table 9-1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet
Number of Bits Dotted-Decimal Value
1 128
2 192
3 224
4 240
5 248
6 252
7 254
8 255
Table 9-2. Netmask Formats
Dotted-Decimal Masklength
255.0.0.0 /8
255.255.0.0 /16
- Reference Manual for the 1
- ProSafe VPN Firewall 25 1
- Dual WAN Ports FVS124G 1
- Contents 7
- Chapter 1 15
- About This Manual 15
- How to Use This Manual 16
- How to Print this Manual 17
- 1-4 About This Manual 18
- Chapter 2 19
- Introduction 19
- Balancing 20
- Security 21
- Extensive Protocol Support 22
- Package Contents 23
- The Router’s Front Panel 24
- The Router’s Rear Panel 25
- 2-8 Introduction 26
- Logging into the Router 27
- Default Factory Settings 28
- NETGEAR Related Products 29
- 2-12 Introduction 30
- Chapter 3 31
- Network Planning 31
- 3-2 Network Planning 32
- Inbound Traffic 33
- 3-4 Network Planning 34
- Network Planning 3-5 35
- 3-6 Network Planning 36
- Network Planning 3-7 37
- 3-8 Network Planning 38
- VPN Gateway-to-Gateway 39
- 3-10 Network Planning 40
- Gateway-to-Gateway Example 41
- 3-12 Network Planning 42
- Network Planning 3-13 43
- 3-14 Network Planning 44
- Chapter 4 45
- (Required) 51
- ISP Does Not Require Login 56
- ISP Does Require Login 56
- Table 4-1. Traffic meter 58
- Chapter 5 69
- LAN Configuration 69
- 5-2 LAN Configuration 70
- LAN Configuration 5-3 71
- 5-4 LAN Configuration 72
- Using Address Reservation 73
- Configuring Static Routes 74
- 5-8 LAN Configuration 76
- Chapter 6 77
- Figure 6-1: Rules menu 78
- Services-Based Rules 80
- Table 6-1. Inbound Services 82
- Table 6-1. Outbound Services 89
- Managing Groups and Hosts 96
- Table 6-3. Groups and hosts 98
- Figure 6-14: Schedule menu 99
- Block Sites 100
- 202-10085-01, March 2005 101
- Table 6-4. Block Sites 102
- Source MAC Filtering 103
- Port Triggering 104
- Forwarding)” on page 6-5 105
- Table 6-6. Port Triggering 106
- Description or 110
- Administrator Information 111
- Chapter 7 113
- Virtual Private Networking 113
- Fully Qualified Domain Names 114
- Configuring the FVX538 117
- Configuring the FVS124G 121
- Click Next 122
- Testing the Connection 123
- Configuring the VPN Client 124
- Connection 125
- Chapter 8 135
- Router and Network Management 135
- Tools for Traffic Management 141
- Command Line Interface 144
- Event Alerts 145
- Login Failures and Attacks 146
- Monitoring 148
- Time Information 150
- WAN Ports 152
- Known PCs and Devices 154
- Figure 8-11: DHCP Log 156
- Firewall 157
- VPN Tunnels 160
- Diagnostics 161
- Table 8-1. Diagnostics 162
- Configuration File Management 163
- Password” on page 9-7 166
- Chapter 9 167
- Troubleshooting 167
- LEDs Never Turn Off 168
- Troubleshooting 9-3 169
- 9-6 Troubleshooting 172
- Problems with Date and Time 173
- 9-8 Troubleshooting 174
- Appendix A 175
- Technical Specifications 175
- WAN: 10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx 176
- Appendix B 177
- IP Addresses and the Internet 178
- Subnet Addressing 181
- Table 9-2. Netmask Formats 182
- Private IP Addresses 183
- Related Documents 185
- IP Configuration by DHCP 186
- Ethernet Cabling 187
- Category 5 Cable Quality 188
- Inside Twisted Pair Cables 189
- Appendix C 193
- Preparing Your Network 193
- C-2 Preparing Your Network 194
- Preparing Your Network C-5 197
- Verifying TCP/IP Properties 198
- Preparing Your Network C-7 199
- C-8 Preparing Your Network 200
- Preparing Your Network C-9 201
- C-10 Preparing Your Network 202
- Preparing Your Network C-11 203
- C-12 Preparing Your Network 204
- Preparing Your Network C-13 205
- Properties button 206
- 3. Type ipconfig /all 207
- MacOS 8.6 or 9.x 208
- 4. Click Save 209
- Are Login Protocols Used? 210
- 4. Select the IP Address tab 211
- 5. Select the Gateway tab 211
- Computers 212
- Restarting the Network 213
- C-22 Preparing Your Network 214
- Appendix D 215
- IPSec Security Features 216
- IPSec Components 216
- Authentication Header (AH) 218
- IKE Security Association 218
- Key Management 220
- VPN Process Overview 221
- Table 9-2. Subnet Addressing 222
- VPN Tunnel 223
- VPNC IKE Security Parameters 224
- Testing and Troubleshooting 225
- Additional Reading 225
- Glossary 227
- -2 Glossary 228
- Glossary -3 229
- -4 Glossary 230
- Glossary -5 231
- -6 Glossary 232
- Glossary -7 233
- -8 Glossary 234
- Glossary -9 235
- See also Wireless 235
- -10 Glossary 236
- Glossary -11 237
- -12 Glossary 238
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